J Watch评价:安眠药可预防谵妄吗?

2015-02-10 小吴 编译 医学论坛网

一种褪黑素受体激动剂在老年急性住院患者中反应为阳性。 谵妄是严重疾病的一种常见并发症,尤其在老年和痴呆患者中。褪黑素被发现有助减少谵妄风险,病例报告褪黑素1和2受体激动剂雷美替胺也可以。为了解更多关于雷美替胺在预防谵妄方面的作用,来自日本的研究人员进行了一项5家医院参与的、随机、安慰剂对照试验,在67例因脑卒中、感染、骨折、心脏病或其他疾病住院的急性重症患者(平均78岁)中使用雷美替胺(8m

一种褪黑素受体激动剂在老年急性住院患者中反应为阳性。

谵妄是严重疾病的一种常见并发症,尤其在老年和痴呆患者中。褪黑素被发现有助减少谵妄风险,病例报告褪黑素1和2受体激动剂雷美替胺也可以。为了解更多关于雷美替胺在预防谵妄方面的作用,来自日本的研究人员进行了一项5家医院参与的、随机、安慰剂对照试验,在67例因脑卒中、感染、骨折、心脏病或其他疾病住院的急性重症患者(平均78岁)中使用雷美替胺(8mg/晚)。

在这项为期一周的研究中,1例使用雷美替胺和11例使用安慰剂的患者发生谵妄(3% 对 32%,P=0.003,相对风险:0.09)。在校正如年龄、痴呆、感染等谵妄危险因素及辅助使用羟嗪助眠后,结果仍具显著性。如觉醒和睡眠时间等自我报告的睡眠参数两组间没有差别。

评论

因为谵妄与睡眠觉醒周期的逆转或紊乱有关,雷美替胺可能通过稳定昼夜节律来减少谵妄风险。比照之前的报道,作者提出雷美替胺减少谵妄风险的效果比褪黑素效果更强;但是,之前那项研究中的褪黑素剂量(0.5 mg; Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 26:687)比通常需要的影响睡眠启动的剂量低。对于高风险谵妄患者应考虑晚间服用雷美替胺或褪黑素,还有早晨明亮的光线也可以使睡眠觉醒周期正常。

原始出处:

Can a Sleeping Pill Prevent Delirium?

Hatta K1, Kishi Y2, Wada K3, Takeuchi T4, Odawara T5, Usui C1, Nakamura H6; DELIRIA-J Group.Preventive effects of ramelteon on delirium: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.JAMA Psychiatry. 2014 Apr;71(4):397-403. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2013.3320.


评论区 (5)
#插入话题
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    2015-03-10 minhuang75_72521592

    #WATCH#

    0

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    2015-02-16 windmilL1989

    以阅

    0

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    2015-02-12 huagfeg

    #评价#

    0

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    2015-02-12 ms3046638856685384

    #安眠药#

    0

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    2015-02-12 bsmagic9138

    #ATC#

    0

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